Understanding Insurance Coverage: How to Calculate and Protect Your Future

Understanding Insurance Coverage: How to Calculate and Protect Your Future

October 23, 2024

A beginner’s guide to understanding how much insurance you need

  • Nobody wants anything bad to happen, but you never know when the worst will happen. Insurance policies are to help support you, your family and your assets from financial loss in any unfortunate and unexpected events.
  • It’s important to buy insurance even when you don’t need it. If you wait until the moment that it is needed, then it’s likely to be too late to buy.
  • The premiums should not be the deciding factor on which policy you choose. Before buying, consider other factors such as benefits, coverage and other features.

Insurance aims to protect you, your family and your assets from unexpected circumstances. You never know, an accident or death of a loved one might suddenly change your life. In those moments, you would likely wish you’d prepared for the financial impact. 

A study by the LIA found the average working adult in Singapore has a mortality protection gap of $169,673 and a Critical Illness protection gap of $256,826. A mortality protection gap signals the need for term or whole life insurance coverage, whereas a critical illness protection gap signals the need for critical illness insurance. By covering yourself with the policies mentioned above, you stand a much better chance of having a secure future.

A laptop, a white mug, and an opened notebook and pen on a wooden table with a flower vase on the right side

Photo by Nick Morrison on Unsplash

The definition of insurance coverage is the amount of money you or your dependents receive in the event that you pass away or meet the criteria for other insurance clauses. 

There are four main types of insurance that we consider: life, health, critical illnesss and general.

Calculating How Much Insurance You Require

Three Steps to Calculate the amount of Coverage that you require
  1. Determine liabilities, which are debts or obligations you need to fulfil in the future. Can come in the form of money owed, goods needed to provide, or services required. Examples: mortgage, car loan, student loan, credit card bill.
  2. Forecast expected living expenses in the case of an unexpected event. For example, having an accident at work and becoming disabled.
  3. Assess the lump sum payments and monthly expenditures required after the unexpected accident, taking inflation into account. You should now be able to forecast how much you’d need to live for the 10, 20, 50 years to follow. Consider what, if any, savings and investments you would have leftover in the case of an accident.

Ultimately, there is no one-size-fits-all amount of coverage. It will vary massively from person to person, which is why it's so important to speak with a professional.

As a super rough guide, an independent 2018 Ernst & Young study estimated protection needs for an average Singaporean at around $740,000, with somewhere under $240,000 covered by various savings incl. CPF. This leaves about $500,000 worth of "mortality protection" needed from various forms of life insurance. Are you an average economically active Singaporean, with average income and average savings, with the average number of dependents... and are you the average age? Exactly... you do need to speak with a trusted professional! 

Don’t skip on insurance. If you find yourself struggling to afford it, then it could well be budgeting issues you need to improve on.

Should I Use an Insurance Agent?

Most agents are primarily paid on a commission basis with sales quotas to meet. Some agents may be tempted to push higher-commission products, whether suitable or not. 

That said, there’s no doubt that a good agent will sell you the best policy for you, one that's affordable and gives you exactly the coverage you need, when you need it. A good agent will cut through the jargon, explain complex products and help you know exactly what it is you’re getting. Given the complexity of identifying and matching needs with the almost infinite range of options out there, this is certainly not an easy task. 

That said, even if you're dealing with a really good insurance agent, you'll still need to equip yourself with some knowledge to make an informed decision. Doing this is particularly important when the sums are large and the timeframe is long.

With the right knowledge and a good agent who gives you solid advice, building a long-term relationship can certainly be a win-win for both. The agents will add real value to earn their commission.

In return, you’ll get the protection you need in the context of your overall financial needs, even as your lifestyle, needs, and priorities change over time. Arm yourself by reading up on the products being offered by the agent. 

Ask the right questions

  • Do I actually need this much coverage? 
  • Is an ILP or WL policy suitable for my needs? 
  • Does a 20+ year commitment make sense for me or is it because agent commissions are higher? 
  • Is there a promo going on for you to sell me this? 
  • If you are asking me to cancel an existing policy to take up a new one with you, do all the costs involved make sense for me?
  • Give me an example where you really fought to get the insurance company to pay one of your clients' claims
  • How do I know you will still be around when I need to make a claim?

And get this — while an ideal scenario would be to build a great long-term relationship with an agent you just spent time and energy explaining your life to, it’s okay to walk away from an agent to go elsewhere. There’s no obligation and so nothing to fear when speaking to insurance agents and financial consultants.

Approach with an open mind, and ask as many questions as you need to feel 100% comfortable! If there's anything you don't understand, it's because the agent hasn't yet explained it clearly enough to you.

A good agent will be more than happy to answer all your queries. An agent earns their commission when they are fighting for you in the event that you or your loved ones actually have to make a claim!

HOW MUCH INSURANCE DO I NEED? COMPLETED. ✅

Sources:

  1. https://www.lia.org.sg/tools-and-resources/insurance-calculator-intro/
  2. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1101354/singapore-millennial-attitudes-towards-insurance/
  3. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_romance_of_the_ship;_the_story_of_her_origin_and_evolution_(1911)_(14775862471).jpg 
  4. https://www.ft.com/content/004a63d8-7755-11e7-90c0-90a9d1bc9691 
  5. https://www.lia.org.sg/media/1332/protection-gap-study-report-2017.pdf 
  6. Cover photo from picjumbo

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